Alternativas de reutilización y valorización de residuos cerámicos: una revisión
Ceramic waste reuse and valorization alternatives: A review
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porcelain wastes
reuse and valorization of waste
concrete formulation
manufacture of electrical insulators
alumina extraction
thermal insulators
abrasive materials
coral reef regeneration
ceramic additive manufacturing
Materiales cerámicos
residuos de porcelana
reutilización y valorización de residuos
hormigón formulación
fabricación de aisladores eléctricos
extracción de alúmina
aisladores térmicos
regeneración de arrecifes de coral
fabricación aditiva cerámica
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Esta obra está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-NoDerivativa 4.0 Internacional
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Los materiales cerámicos contribuyen con el mayor porcentaje de desechos dentro de los residuos generados en la construcción y demolición de estructuras de concreto. Actualmente estos desechos cerámicos se eliminan directamente en vertederos, debido a la falta de alternativas de disposición y al desconocimiento de opciones de aprovechamiento de estos materiales. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar las alternativas actuales y establecer las perspectivas de aprovechamiento y valorización de los residuos cerámicos. Este análisis de alternativas de aprovechamiento y valorización de los residuos cerámicos se lleva a cabo mediante una revisión bibliográfica, la cual está enfocada a identificar las opciones existentes en el aprovechamiento y valorización de los residuos de cerámico. Para cada alternativa existente se realiza una breve descripción de la metodología empleada y se destacan los principales resultados obtenidos en cada estudio. A partir de la revisión bibliográfica se plantean algunas perspectivas de aprovechamiento de materiales cerámicos. Se encontró que actualmente los residuos cerámicos se aprovechan principalmente en la formulación de concretos, fabricación de aislantes eléctricos, extracción de alúmina y como barrera geológica para contener residuos nucleares. Además, a partir de las propiedades de los materiales cerámicos, se establecieron como perspectivas de aprovechamiento la obtención de aislantes térmicos, materiales abrasivos, recuperación de arrecifes de coral y elaboración de estructuras a partir de técnicas de fabricación aditiva. Se concluye que la opción económicamente más rentable para el aprovechamiento y valorización de los residuos cerámicos es la formulación de concretos, mientras que la perspectiva más viable es la fabricación de materiales abrasivos.
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